Lattice Energy (Born-Landé & Born-Haber) Calculator

Calculate lattice energy for ionic compounds using two methods.

Select a method and enter the known values below. Leave the field you want to calculate empty.

Lattice Energy Calculator Examples

See how to use the calculator for different ionic compounds.

NaCl (Born-Landé)

Born-Landé Equation

Calculate the lattice energy of NaCl using Born-Landé equation. M = 1.7476, z+ = 1, z- = 1, r₀ = 282 pm, n = 9.

Calculation Method: Born-Landé Equation

Madelung Constant (M): 1.7476

Cation Charge (z+): 1

Anion Charge (z-): 1

Interionic Distance (r₀): 282 pm

Born Exponent (n): 9

Avogadro's Number (Nₐ): 6.022e+23

Electron Charge (e): 1.602e-19

Vacuum Permittivity (ε₀): 8.854e-12

Energy Unit: kJ/mol

Formation Enthalpy (ΔHf): undefined

Sublimation Energy: undefined

Bond Dissociation Energy: undefined

Ionization Energy: undefined

Electron Affinity: undefined

MgO (Born-Landé)

Born-Landé Equation

Calculate the lattice energy of MgO. M = 1.748, z+ = 2, z- = 2, r₀ = 212 pm, n = 7.

Calculation Method: Born-Landé Equation

Madelung Constant (M): 1.748

Cation Charge (z+): 2

Anion Charge (z-): 2

Interionic Distance (r₀): 212 pm

Born Exponent (n): 7

Avogadro's Number (Nₐ): 6.022e+23

Electron Charge (e): 1.602e-19

Vacuum Permittivity (ε₀): 8.854e-12

Energy Unit: kJ/mol

Formation Enthalpy (ΔHf): undefined

Sublimation Energy: undefined

Bond Dissociation Energy: undefined

Ionization Energy: undefined

Electron Affinity: undefined

NaCl (Born-Haber)

Born-Haber Cycle

Calculate the lattice energy of NaCl using Born-Haber cycle. ΔHf = -411, Sublimation = 108, Dissociation = 242, Ionization = 496, Electron Affinity = -349 (all in kJ/mol).

Calculation Method: Born-Haber Cycle

Madelung Constant (M): undefined

Cation Charge (z+): undefined

Anion Charge (z-): undefined

Interionic Distance (r₀): undefined undefined

Born Exponent (n): undefined

Avogadro's Number (Nₐ): undefined

Electron Charge (e): undefined

Vacuum Permittivity (ε₀): undefined

Energy Unit: kJ/mol

Formation Enthalpy (ΔHf): -411

Sublimation Energy: 108

Bond Dissociation Energy: 242

Ionization Energy: 496

Electron Affinity: -349

KBr (Born-Haber)

Born-Haber Cycle

Calculate the lattice energy of KBr. ΔHf = -392, Sublimation = 89, Dissociation = 193, Ionization = 419, Electron Affinity = -325 (all in kJ/mol).

Calculation Method: Born-Haber Cycle

Madelung Constant (M): undefined

Cation Charge (z+): undefined

Anion Charge (z-): undefined

Interionic Distance (r₀): undefined undefined

Born Exponent (n): undefined

Avogadro's Number (Nₐ): undefined

Electron Charge (e): undefined

Vacuum Permittivity (ε₀): undefined

Energy Unit: kJ/mol

Formation Enthalpy (ΔHf): -392

Sublimation Energy: 89

Bond Dissociation Energy: 193

Ionization Energy: 419

Electron Affinity: -325

Other Titles
Understanding Lattice Energy (Born-Landé & Born-Haber) Calculator: A Comprehensive Guide
Master the science and math behind lattice energy calculations.

What is Lattice Energy?

  • Definition and Importance
  • Born-Landé Equation
  • Born-Haber Cycle
Lattice energy is the energy released when gaseous ions combine to form an ionic solid, or the energy required to separate an ionic solid into its ions. It is a key factor in the stability of ionic compounds.
Born-Landé and Born-Haber
The Born-Landé equation provides a theoretical value based on electrostatics, while the Born-Haber cycle uses thermodynamic data to determine lattice energy experimentally.

Common Lattice Energy Examples

  • NaCl lattice energy using Born-Landé equation.
  • KBr lattice energy using Born-Haber cycle.

Step-by-Step Guide to Using the Calculator

  • Input Selection
  • Calculation Methods
  • Interpreting Results
Select the calculation method: Born-Landé or Born-Haber. Enter the required values for your chosen method. The calculator will compute the lattice energy and show step-by-step details.
Example Workflow
For Born-Landé, enter Madelung constant, charges, distance, and Born exponent. For Born-Haber, enter enthalpy and energy values. The result will be shown in your selected unit.

Step-by-Step Examples

  • Calculating lattice energy for MgO using Born-Landé.
  • Finding lattice energy for NaCl using Born-Haber.

Real-World Applications of Lattice Energy

  • Predicting Compound Stability
  • Material Science
  • Industrial Chemistry
Lattice energy helps predict the stability, solubility, and melting points of ionic compounds. It is crucial in designing new materials and understanding crystal structures in material science and industry.
Industry and Research
Chemists and engineers use lattice energy calculations in the production of ceramics, salts, and advanced materials.

Industrial & Research Examples

  • Comparing lattice energies of NaCl and MgO.
  • Designing ionic conductors for batteries.

Common Misconceptions and Correct Methods

  • Unit Conversions
  • Charge and Distance Values
  • Thermodynamic Data Accuracy
A common mistake is using incorrect units for distance or energy, or confusing the sign of enthalpy values. Always check your units and input values carefully.
Tips for Accurate Calculations
Use the calculator's tooltips for guidance and double-check all input values and units.

Common Mistakes

  • Entering pm instead of nm for distance.
  • Using positive instead of negative enthalpy values.

Mathematical Derivation and Examples

  • Born-Landé Formula
  • Born-Haber Cycle Steps
  • Sample Calculations
The Born-Landé equation: U = - (Nₐ M z+ z- e²) / (4 π ε₀ r₀) * (1 - 1/n). The Born-Haber cycle sums enthalpy changes for each step in forming the ionic solid.
Worked Example
For NaCl, using Born-Landé: U = - (6.022e23 1.7476 1 1 (1.602e-19)²) / (4π 8.854e-12 2.82e-10) * (1 - 1/9). For Born-Haber: U = ΔHf - (Sublimation + 1/2 Dissociation + Ionization + Electron Affinity).

Mathematical Examples

  • Calculating lattice energy for NaCl step by step.
  • Using Born-Haber cycle for KBr.