The generic rectangle is a physical representation of the distributive property.
Distributive Property Equivalence:
Multiplying (a+b)(c+d) is equivalent to distributing (a+b) to both c and d:
(a+b)(c+d) = (a+b)c + (a+b)d = ac + bc + ad + bd
The four resulting terms—ac, bc, ad, and bd—are precisely the four terms you calculate inside the cells of the generic rectangle. The rectangle simply organizes this calculation.
Reverse Process: Factoring
The generic rectangle can also be used for factoring. You would start by placing the x² term and the constant term of a trinomial in diagonal boxes and then work backward to find the outer terms.