In the realm of geometry, supplementary angles are a pair of angles that sum up to 180 degrees. The word 'supplement' implies completion, and in this context, two supplementary angles complete a straight line or a straight angle (180°). This relationship is a cornerstone of Euclidean geometry.
For any given angle 'A', its supplementary angle 'B' can be found using the simple formula: B = 180° - A. It does not matter if the angles are adjacent (sharing a side and vertex) or non-adjacent; as long as their sum is 180°, they are considered supplementary.
Fundamental Properties
Several key properties define supplementary angles. If one angle is acute (less than 90°), its supplement must be obtuse (greater than 90°). Conversely, if one is obtuse, the other must be acute. The only case where both angles are equal is when they are both right angles (90°), as 90° + 90° = 180°.
When supplementary angles are adjacent, they form a 'linear pair'. This means their non-common sides form a straight line. This linear pair postulate is often used as a basis for proofs in geometry.